ACORN 2.2 influence on South Australia temperature trendsAustralia New South Wales Northern Territory Queensland Tasmania Victoria Western Australia
There are 13 ACORN stations in South Australia. This page analyses the daily temperatures at all 13 weather stations and averages the five with a start year of 1910 to ensure a uniform timescale. The other eight excluded stations have temperature recordings starting in years after 1910, the most recent being Cape Borda with a start year of 1962. The five long-term weather stations analysed on this page (with a start year of 1910) had a 1910-1964 average maximum of 22.04C in ACORN 2.1 and a 1910-1964 average maximum of 21.95C in ACORN 2.2 - a 0.09C cooling of historic minima. The five long-term weather stations had a 1910-1964 average minimum of 10.89C in ACORN 2.1 and a 1910-1964 average minimum of 10.83C in ACORN 2.2 - a 0.06C cooling of historic minima. Daily temperatures in ACORN 2.2 and RAW have been annualised, and below are charts showing the difference between the ACORN 2.2 homogenised dataset when compared to original raw annual temperatures. This analysis only allows the inclusion of years within which there were no months with less than 15 days of recorded temperatures, as is the ACORN protocol. Five South Australian stations begin in 1910 and end in 2019 in ACORN 2.2 and RAW - Adelaide, Marree, Port Lincoln, Robe and Snowtown. The first charts below show maximum and minimum temperature trends at these five stations with associated data. Excel files at the bottom of each station chart and data summary can be downloaded to compare how the ACORN 2.2 algorithms influence daily, monthly and annual temperatures at all 13 sites since 1910.
1910-1964 ACORN 2.2 21.95C / raw 22.18C 1965-2020 ACORN 2.2 22.81C / raw 23.02C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.86C / raw warmed 0.84C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.13C / raw 0.11C South Australia 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 23.27C / raw 23.40C The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 22.18C in ACORN 2.2 and 22.42C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 23.51C in ACORN 2.2 and 23.60C in raw 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 - 22.51C / raw 22.73C Download Excel spreadsheet for five South Australian weather stations in ACORN 1, ACORN 2.2 and RAW
1910-1964 - ACORN 2.2 10.83C / raw 11.29C 1965-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.44C / raw 11.69C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.61C / raw warmed 0.40C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.06C / raw 0.04C South Australia 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.60C / raw 11.64C The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 11.05C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.30C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 11.61C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.64C in raw 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 - 11.29C / raw 11.71C Station menu Adelaide, Cape Borda, Ceduna, Kyancutta, Marree, Mount Gambier, Nuriootpa, Oodnadatta, Port Lincoln, Robe, Snowtown, Tarcoola, Woomera Adelaide
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 21.57C / raw 21.83C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 21.95C / raw 22.25C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.38C / raw warmed 0.42C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.08C / raw 0.09C Adelaide 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 22.52C / raw 22.95C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 21.57C / raw 21.77C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 19.30% / raw - 21.02% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 10.40% / raw - 11.91% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 21.88C in ACORN 2.2 and 22.25C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 22.70C in ACORN 2.2 and 23.13C in raw Adelaide 23000 has annual max temps back to 1888: 1888-1909 = 21.87C 23000 overlap with 23090 1 February 1977 to 28 February 1979 : 23000 21.79C / 23090 21.92C ACORN catalogue: Prior to 1977, the Regional Office (023000) was located at West Terrace, on the western edge of the central city and 3.2 km west of the current site, and observations were made there, continuing until early 1979. The site was on the edge of the main Adelaide parklands and appears to have been near the top of a small slope. There were site moves in 1944, November 1951 and a small move (15 m west) in 1962. Until 1948 there were two sets of observations made at Adelaide, one using a Glaisher stand and one using a Stevenson screen. The Glaisher stand observations, which generally had higher maximum temperatures (especially in summer), were the ones publicly reported at the time but the Stevenson screen observations are the ones used in the ACORN-SAT data (and in the Bureau’s database more generally). The widely-quoted record high temperature for Adelaide of 47.6 °C, set in January 1939, was measured in a Glaisher stand; the Stevenson screen value on this day was 46.1 °C. The current site was established in 1977. An automatic weather station was installed on 26 October 1992 and became the primary instrument on 1 November 1996. 1986-1995 raw max averaged 22.06C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 22.46C Adelaide max Excel spreadsheets
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 11.63C / CDO raw 11.95C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 12.30C / CDO raw 12.40C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.67C / raw warmed 0.45C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.08C / raw 0.07C Adelaide 2000-2020 ACORN 2.2 12.59C / raw 12.55C 1961-90 ACORN 2.2 12.10C / raw 12.40C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.22% / raw - 23.19% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.22% / raw - 11.72% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 11.87C in ACORN 2.2 and 12.00C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 12.67C in ACORN 2.2 and 12.64C in raw Adelaide 23000 has annual min temps back to 1888: 1888-1909 = 11.80C 23000 overlap with 23090 2 February 1977 to 28 February 1979 : 23000 12.76C / 23090 12.13C 1986-1995 raw min averaged 12.10C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 12.28C Adelaide min Excel spreadsheets Cape Borda
1962-1991 - ACORN 2.2 18.45C / raw 18.12C 1992-2020 - ACORN 2.2 19.06C / raw 18.94C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.61C / raw warmed 0.82C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.22C / raw 0.28C Cape Borda 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 19.23C / raw 19.15C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 16.37% / raw - 59.41% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 13.07% / raw - 17.10% The first decade, 1962-1971, averaged 18.21C in ACORN 2.2 and 17.88C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 19.26C in ACORN 2.2 and 19.26C in raw 22801 overlap with 22823 10 September 2002 to 30 July 2007 : 22801 18.94C / 22823 19.22C ACORN catalogue: The former site (022801) was over bare ground in the grounds of the Cape Borda lighthouse. There was a small move within the lighthouse grounds at some point in the 1976–1978 period (the exact date is unclear). Observations continued until 2007; the original screen remains in place but contains no instruments. The current site has been operating since 2002. It is further inland and a less exposed location than the former site. 1992-2001 raw max averaged 18.56C and post AWS 2003-2012 averaged 19.03C Cape Borda max Excel spreadsheets
1962-1991 - ACORN 2.2 11.07C / raw 11.31C 1992-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.39C / raw 11.61C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.32C / raw warmed 0.30C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.16C / raw 0.11C Cape Borda 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.51C / raw 11.66C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 21.00% / raw - 68.13% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 13.72% / raw - 19.52% The first decade, 1962-1971, averaged 10.85C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.11C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 11.64C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.64C in raw 22801 overlap with 22823 11 September 2002 to 31 July 2007 : 22801 11.62C / 22823 11.23C 1992-2001 raw max averaged 11.55C and post AWS 2003-2012 averaged 11.63C Cape Borda min Excel spreadsheets Ceduna
1943-1981 - ACORN 2.2 22.60C / raw 23.28C 1982-2020 - ACORN 2.2 23.65C / raw 23.82C ACORN 2.2 warmed 1.05C / raw warmed 0.54C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.28C / raw 0.19C Ceduna 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 24.14C / raw 24.14C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 22.85C / raw 23.48C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 17.15% / raw - 27.43% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 10.28% / raw - 11.81% The first decade, 1943-1952, averaged 22.31C in ACORN 2.2 and 22.97C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 24.28C in ACORN 2.2 and 24.28C in raw ACORN catalogue: The site has been operating since 1939. An automatic weather station has been in place since July 1990 and has been the primary instrument since 1 November 1996. A new Meteorological Office building was opened in June 2010 but the thermometer screen does not appear to have moved. There was also a site (018011) at the Post Office in town between 1939 and 1951 but this was not used for ACORN-SAT as it did not provide a useful extension of the record; there is no indication of temperature observations at the Post Office prior to 1939. 1986-1995 raw max averaged 23.33C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 23.73C
1943-1980 - ACORN 2.2 9.83C / raw 10.27C 1981-2019 - ACORN 2.2 10.68C / raw 10.70C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.85C / raw warmed 0.43C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.25C / raw 0.16C Ceduna 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 10.91C / raw 10.91C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 10.26C / raw 10.51C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 17.13% / raw - 33.17% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 10.03% / raw - 13.26% The first decade, 1943-1952, averaged 9.36C in ACORN 2.2 and 9.92C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 11.04C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.04C in raw 1986-1995 raw min averaged 10.53C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 10.65C Kyancutta
1931-1975 - ACORN 2.2 24.42C / raw 24.94C 1976-2020 - ACORN 2.2 25.44C / raw 25.48C ACORN 2.2 warmed 1.02C / raw warmed 0.54C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.12C / raw 0.04C Kyancutta 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 25.82C / raw 25.82C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 24.75C / raw 25.01C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.33% / raw - 31.70% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 14.68% / raw - 14.73% The first decade, 1931-1940, averaged 24.89C in ACORN 2.2 and 25.60C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 26.03C in ACORN 2.2 and 26.02C in raw ACORN catalogue: There is limited documentation prior to 1979. There was a small site move (less than 50 m) on 1 March 1994. Kyancutta max Excel spreadsheets
1931-1975 - ACORN 2.2 8.85C / raw 9.06C 1976-2020 - ACORN 2.2 9.55C / raw 9.54C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.70C / raw warmed 0.48C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.16C / raw 0.10C Kyancutta 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 9.74C / raw 9.74C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 9.30C / raw 9.30C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 29.32% / raw - 39.30% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 15.41% / raw - 15.38% The first decade, 1931-1940, averaged 8.62C in ACORN 2.2 and 9.08C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 9.89C in ACORN 2.2 and 9.86C in raw Kyancutta min Excel spreadsheets Marree
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 27.51C / raw 27.53C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 28.48C / raw 29.12C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.97C / raw warmed 1.59C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.18C / raw 0.20C Marree 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 29.21C / raw 29.39C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 27.91C / raw 28.85C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 16.85% / raw - 64.94% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 10.63% / raw - 9.59% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 27.48C in ACORN 2.2 and 27.36C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 29.46C in ACORN 2.2 and 29.48C in raw Marree 17024 has annual max temps back to 1908: 1908-1909 = 26.26C 17126 overlap with 17031 24 July 1998 to 8 January 2015 : 17126 28.95C / 17031 29.72C ACORN catalogue: The first observations were made at Farina (017024), about 50 km to the south. Little documentation is available about the Farina site. The Marree site opened in 1939. There were issues with the enclosed nature of the site in the late 1980s and early 1990s, as well as with reports of metal sheets and motor vehicles near the screen. This improved in April 1993 when a shed to the west was demolished, a tree was removed and gravel was removed from around the screen area. An automatic weather station (017126) has been operating since July 1998 at Marree Airport, about 1 km southeast of the town. This is expected to eventually replace the current site. Assuming the AWS was operational from 1998, 1988-1997 raw max averaged 28.96C and post AWS 1999-2008 averaged 29.54C
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 13.05C / raw 12.53C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 13.67C / raw 13.61C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.62C / raw warmed 1.09C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.07C / raw 0.16C Marree 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 13.99C / raw 13.99C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 13.35C / raw 13.18C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 17.01% / raw - 68.58% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.55% / raw - 9.16% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 13.18C in ACORN 2.2 and 12.29C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 13.88C in ACORN 2.2 and 13.88C in raw Marree 17024 has annual min temps back to 1908: 1908-1909 = 11.19C 17126 overlap with 17031 24 July 1998 to 9 January 2015 : 17126 13.90C / 17031 14.15C Assuming the AWS was operational from 1998, 1988-1997 raw min averaged 13.69C and post AWS 1999-2008 averaged 14.07C Mount Gambier
1940-1980 - ACORN 2.2 18.93C / raw 18.65C 1981-2020 - ACORN 2.2 19.48C / raw 19.42C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.55C / raw warmed 0.77C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.21C / raw 0.25C Mount Gambier 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 19.73C / raw 19.72C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 19.26C / raw 19.11C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.03% / raw - 36.22% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.71% / raw - 11.55% The first decade, 1940-1949, averaged 18.38C in ACORN 2.2 and 18.11C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 19.89C in ACORN 2.2 and 19.89C in raw Mount Gambier 26020 has annual max temps back to 1908: 1908-1909 = 18.60C 26020 overlap with 26021 1 February 1942 to 31 March 1952 : 26020 18.05C / 26021 18.09C ACORN catalogue: Observations were originally made at the Post Office (026020). There are conflicting accounts of what type of screen may have been in use prior to 1913 and the possibility that a Glaisher stand may have been used in 1910–1912 cannot be discounted, although the data suggest it is unlikely. Observations from the Post Office ceased in 1952. The current site has been operating since 1941. It moved 800 m southwest in April 1964. An automatic weather station was installed in July 1993 and became the primary instrument on 1 November 1996. 1986-1995 raw max averaged 19.11C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 19.35C Mount Gambier max Excel spreadsheets
1940-1980 - ACORN 2.2 7.60C / raw 7.99C 1981-2020 - ACORN 2.2 8.59C / raw 8.61C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.99C / raw warmed 0.62C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.26C / raw 0.04C Mount Gambier 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 8.70C / raw 8.70C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 8.22C / raw 8.23C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.69% / raw - 28.62% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 10.08% / raw - 12.49% The first decade, 1940-1949, averaged 6.98C in ACORN 2.2 and 8.50C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 8.79C in ACORN 2.2 and 8.79C in raw Note: Mount Gambier 26020 begins its daily RAW minimum temperatures in 1940, unlike maxima which begin in 1910 - although ACORN 2.2 has daily minimum temperatures starting in 1910. Averages above are from 1940 but the chart begins in 1910 so readers can see the ACORN trends during 1910-1939. ACORN 1 1910-1939 averaged 8.36C and ACORN 2.2 1910-1939 averaged 7.65C. 26020 overlap with 26021 1 February 1942 to 31 March 1952 : 26020 18.05C / 26021 18.09C 1986-1995 raw min averaged 8.60C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 8.44C Mount Gambier min Excel spreadsheets Nuriootpa
1957-1988 - ACORN 2.2 20.83C / raw 20.92C 1989-2020 - ACORN 2.2 21.47C / raw 21.46C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.64C / raw warmed 0.54C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.21C / raw 0.22C Nuriootpa 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 21.73C / raw 21.73C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 20.85C / raw 20.97C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 16.90% / raw - 26.08% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 17.09% / raw - 14.28% The first decade, 1957-1966, averaged 20.76C in ACORN 2.2 and 20.70C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 21.91C in ACORN 2.2 and 21.91C in raw 23321 overlap with 23373 28 August 1996 to 28 February 1999 : 23321 21.61C / 23373 21.71C ACORN catalogue: The original manual site (023321), which continued until 1999, was about 30 m away from the current site, in the same strip of open ground between rows of vines. There was some earth and rock near this site, at least in its later years. This site moved about 300 m south in August 1983. The current site has been operating since August 1996. Assuming the AWS was operational from 1996, 1986-1995 raw min averaged 20.94C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 21.35C Nuriootpa max Excel spreadsheets
1957-1988 - ACORN 2.2 8.55C / raw 8.68C 1989-2020 - ACORN 2.2 9.12C / raw 9.13C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.57C / raw warmed 0.45C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.19C / raw 0.18C Nuriootpa 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 9.21C / raw 9.21C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 8.68C / raw 8.80C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 16.75% / raw - 30.27% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 15.44% / raw - 12.63% The first decade, 1957-1966, averaged 8.30C in ACORN 2.2 and 8.34C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 9.25C in ACORN 2.2 and 9.25C in raw 23321 overlap with 23373 28 August 1996 to 28 February 1999 : 23321 9.08C / 23373 8.96C Assuming the AWS was operational from 1996, 1986-1995 raw min averaged 8.98C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 9.01C Nuriootpa min Excel spreadsheets Oodnadatta
1941-1980 - ACORN 2.2 28.75C / raw 28.77C 1981-2020 - ACORN 2.2 29.55C / raw 29.66C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.80C / raw warmed 0.89C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.21C / raw 0.24C Oodnadatta 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 29.84C / raw 29.84C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 28.92C / raw 29.08C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.89% / raw - 26.25% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.81% / raw - 11.03% The first decade, 1941-1950, averaged 28.51C in ACORN 2.2 and 28.29C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 30.18C in ACORN 2.2 and 30.18C in raw ACORN catalogue: Observations from 1940 until 1985 came from the former Meteorological Office at the airport, using the current site number (017043). After the closure of the Meteorological Office in 1985, observations were made at the police station (017114) in the town. These observations became increasingly intermittent and ceased altogether in 1991. The automatic weather station, in almost exactly the same location as the original Meteorological Office, began operating in November 1994. 1984-1993 raw max averaged 28.71C and post AWS 1995-2004 averaged 29.39C Oodnadatta max Excel spreadsheets
1941-1980 - ACORN 2.2 14.23C / raw 14.37C 1981-2020 - ACORN 2.2 14.85C / raw 15.03C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.62C / raw warmed 0.66C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.20C / raw 0.16C Oodnadatta 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 14.94C / raw 15.11C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 14.59C / raw 14.50C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 17.53% / raw - 26.73% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.99% / raw - 11.11% The first decade, 1941-1950, averaged 13.60C in ACORN 2.2 and 14.02C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 15.00C in ACORN 2.2 and 15.12C in raw 1984-1993 raw min averaged 14.60C and post AWS 1995-2004 averaged 15.08C Oodnadatta min Excel spreadsheets Port Lincoln
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 20.10C / raw 20.56C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 20.85C / raw 21.15C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.75C / raw warmed 0.59C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.12C / raw 0.04C Port Lincoln 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 21.49C / raw 21.48C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 20.40C / raw 20.91C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.02% / raw - 74.01% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.80% / raw - 14.36% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 20.48C in ACORN 2.2 and 21.28C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 21.72C in ACORN 2.2 and 21.72C in raw Port Lincoln 18070 has max temps back to 1892 : 1892-1909 = 20.55C ACORN catalogue: The original site (018070) was in the town centre. In its later years this site was quite built-up, with buildings, a fence and a concrete surface in the vicinity. There were numerous small moves in its history, with documented moves in October 1924, December 1941, July 1962, February 1975 and October 1986 (40 m east). It closed in March 2002. The current site has been operating since 1992. Port Lincoln max Excel spreadsheets
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 10.88C / raw 11.66C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.41C / raw 11.63C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.53C / raw cooled 0.03C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.02C / raw 0.00C Port Lincoln 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.37C / raw 11.37C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 11.46C / raw 12.03C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 16.62% / raw - 75.32% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.83% / raw - 15.11% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 11.17C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.34C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 11.34C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.34C in raw Port Lincoln 18070 has min temps back to 1892 : 1892-1909 = 10.76C Port Lincoln min Excel spreadsheets Robe
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 18.08C / raw 17.91C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 18.35C / raw 18.54C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.27C / raw warmed 0.63C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.04C / raw 0.08C Robe 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 18.59C / raw 18.59C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 18.17C / raw 18.55C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.03% / raw - 58.69% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 12.22% / raw - 19.81% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 18.28C in ACORN 2.2 and 17.90C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 18.66C in ACORN 2.2 and 18.66C in raw Robe 26026 has annual max temps back to 1885: 1885-1909 = 17.89C ACORN catalogue: There were issues with the screen door for some years prior to repairs in 1930. There was a very small move (3 m) in October 1943, and documentation also suggests a small move at some point in the decade prior to 1956 but there is no clear evidence of its nature or timing. There was a move 200 m east in November 1968 An automatic weather station (026105) was installed at Robe Airport, 5 km east-southeast of the town, in 2003. It is at an inland location quite different climatically from the town site, so is not expected to be a direct replacement for the town site. Assuming 2003 was when AWS readings were adopted, 1993-2002 raw max averaged 18.36C and post AWS 2004-2013 averaged 18.62C
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 10.71C / raw 10.82C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.29C / raw 11.21C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.58C / raw warmed 0.39C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.05C / raw 0.04C Robe 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.32C / raw 11.32C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 11.18C / raw 11.06C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 32.00% / raw - 64.92% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.81% / raw - 18.94% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 10.88C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.01C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 11.30C in ACORN 2.2 and 11.29C in raw Robe 26026 has annual min temps back to 1885: 1885-1909 = 10.49C Assuming 2003 was when AWS readings were adopted, 1993-2002 raw min averaged 11.35C and post AWS 2004-2013 averaged 11.42C Snowtown
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 22.72C / raw 23.27C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 23.64C / raw 23.82C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.92C / raw warmed 0.55C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.15C / raw 0.10C Snowtown 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 24.24C / raw 24.25C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 23.15C / raw 23.50C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 17.98% / raw - 78.10% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 19.32% / raw - 21.86% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 22.79C in ACORN 2.2 and 23.36C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 24.37C in ACORN 2.2 and 24.37C in raw Snowtown 21046 has annual max temps for 1909 = 21.72C 21046 overlap with 21133 23 July 1998 to 29 June 2001 : 21046 24.41C / 21133 23.97C ACORN catalogue: The former site (021046), which continued until June 2001, was located in the town. Small moves within the town are documented in April 1948, July 1971 and on 4 August 1993 (15 m). The current site has been operating since 1998. 1988-1997 raw max averaged 23.65C and post AWS 1999-2008 averaged 24.15C Snowtown max Excel spreadsheets
1910-1965 - ACORN 2.2 7.80C / raw 9.53C 1966-2020 - ACORN 2.2 8.49C / raw 9.50C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.67C / raw cooled 0.03C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.06C / raw -0.09C Snowtown 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 8.73C / raw 8.97C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 8.29C / raw 9.87C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.02% / raw - 83.24% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.68% / raw - 20.95% The first decade, 1910-1919, averaged 8.22C in ACORN 2.2 and 9.92C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 8.88C in ACORN 2.2 and 9.03C in raw Snowtown 21046 has annual min temps for 1909 = 8.50C 21046 overlap with 21133 24 July 1998 to 30 June 2001 : 21046 10.42C / 21133 9.03C 1988-1997 raw min averaged 9.96C and post AWS 1999-2008 averaged 8.87C Snowtown min Excel spreadsheets Tarcoola
1922-1970 - ACORN 2.2 26.18C / raw 26.60C 1971-2020 - ACORN 2.2 27.10C / raw 27.46C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.92C / raw warmed 0.86C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.18C / raw 0.14C Tarcoola 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 27.77C / raw 27.82C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 26.44C / raw 26.96C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.45% / raw - 70.37% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 15.79% / raw - 19.62% The first decade, 1922-1931, averaged 26.33C in ACORN 2.2 and 26.77C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 28.04C in ACORN 2.2 and 28.04C in raw 16044 overlap with 16098 1 October 1997 to 9 August 1999 : 16044 26.64C / 16098 27.64C ACORN catalogue: The original site (016044) was in the settlement. No documentation is available prior to 1995. A new building was erected in its vicinity in early 1998 and observations ended in August 1999. The current site has been operating since 1997, on mostly flat ground 1.4 km northeast of the original site and at a slightly higher. In its early years the automatic station suffered from numerous data outages due to power supply problems. 1987-1996 raw max averaged 27.48C and post AWS 1998-2007 averaged 27.52C Tarcoola max Excel spreadsheets
1922-1970 - ACORN 2.2 10.54C / raw 11.03C 1971-2020 - ACORN 2.2 11.75C / raw 11.92C ACORN 2.2 warmed 1.21C / raw warmed 0.89C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.25C / raw 0.22C Tarcoola 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 12.31C / raw 12.17C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 11.06C / raw 11.67C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.37% / raw - 74.06% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 9.59% / raw - 18.13% The first decade, 1922-1931, averaged 10.08C in ACORN 2.2 and 10.26C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 12.27C in ACORN 2.2 and 12.24C in raw 16044 overlap with 16098 2 October 1997 to 10 August 1999 : 16044 11.57C / 16098 12.34C 1987-1996 raw min averaged 11.74C and post AWS 1998-2007 averaged 12.06C Tarcoola min Excel spreadsheets Woomera
1950-1984 - ACORN 2.2 25.48C / raw 25.47C 1985-2019 - ACORN 2.2 26.36C / raw 26.30C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.88C / raw warmed 0.83C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.26C / raw 0.27C Woomera 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 26.72C / raw 26.68C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 25.61C / raw 25.59C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 17.11% / raw - 26.76% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 10.18% / raw - 12.41% The first decade, 1950-1959, averaged 25.23C in ACORN 2.2 and 25.22C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 26.91C in ACORN 2.2 and 26.91C in raw ACORN catalogue: TThe site has been operating since 1949, with a documented move of about 75 m in January 1980, and another about 2 km south on 16 May 1991. An automatic weather station was installed in June 1991 and became the primary instrument on 1 November 1996. 1986-1995 raw max averaged 25.75C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 26.30C Woomera max Excel spreadsheets
1950-1984 - ACORN 2.2 12.38C / raw 12.48C 1985-2019 - ACORN 2.2 13.04C / raw 13.06C ACORN 2.2 warmed 0.66C / raw warmed 0.58C Average change per decade : ACORN 2.2 0.23C / raw 0.20C Woomera 2000-2020 - ACORN 2.2 13.25C / raw 13.26C 1961-90 - ACORN 2.2 12.61C / raw 12.66C Pre 1972 .0 F rounding ACORN 2.2 - 18.96% / raw - 30.46% Post 1972 .0 C rounding ACORN 2.2 - 10.84% / raw - 12.73% The first decade, 1950-1959, averaged 11.94C in ACORN 2.2 and 12.13C in raw The final decade, 2011-2020, averaged 13.33C in ACORN 2.2 and 13.33C in raw 1986-1995 raw max averaged 12.72C and post AWS 1997-2006 averaged 13.13C Woomera min Excel spreadsheets
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